Clinical decision support tool. Does not replace professional veterinary judgment. Always verify recommendations with current references.
Papillon
DOG· TOY· Lifespan: 14-16 years
Thinking about this breed for your home? Read the owner suitability guide
📋 Breed Predispositions
| Condition | Prevalence | Onset | Severity | Screening |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Neuroaxonal Dystrophy (PLA2G6) | Breed-specific; autosomal recessive; genetic test available | 1-4 months | LIFE THREATENING | PLA2G6 genetic test before breeding. Progressive ataxia and intention tremor in a Papillon puppy — the course is relentless and there is no treatment. |
| Progressive Retinal Atrophy (CNGB1) | Breed-specific variant; genetic test available | 2-5 years | SEVERE | CNGB1 genetic test plus annual CAER exam. Night blindness first. |
| Patellar Luxation | One of the highest-risk breeds | 4-6 months | MODERATE RISK | Orthopedic exam at 6 months and annually; grade both stifles. |
| Periodontal Disease | Very common | 2-5 years | MODERATE RISK | Anesthetic COHAT with full-mouth radiographs; toy-breed periodontal loss is subgingival and unreadable on a conscious exam. |
| Congenital Deafness | Elevated | Congenital | MODERATE RISK | BAER test where available — unilateral deafness is easily missed at home. |
🏥 Anesthesia Considerations
⚠ Toy Breed — Hypoglycemia and Hypothermia
Fast no more than 4-6 hours, check blood glucose before induction, have dextrose available. Active warming from before induction; monitor core temperature continuously. Weigh in grams and calculate every drug precisely — dosing error is the dominant anesthetic risk at this body mass. Plan a warm, quiet, observed recovery.